Agreements with Neighbouring Countries on Rivers

The names of the rivers on which treaties/ agreements have been signed with neighbouring countries and the nature of the treaty/ agreement are as under:

River for which treaty/ agreement has been signed	Neighbouring country with which signed	Nature of the Treaty / Agreement
Sharda (Mahakali)	Nepal	Mahakali Treaty of 1996 which includes Pancheshwar Multi-purpose project
Kosi	Nepal	Agreement of 1954 (revised in 1966) regarding construction of Kosi Barrage in Nepal.
Gandak	Nepal	Agreement of 1959 regarding construction of Gandak Barrage in Nepal
Ganga	Bangladesh	Indo-Bangladesh Treaty of 1996 regarding sharing of Ganga waters at Farakka
Indus system of rivers comprising the rivers Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej and their tributaries	Pakistan	Indus Waters Treaty 1960 for the most complete and satisfactory utilization of the waters of the Indus system of rivers

Pakistan has raised dispute on the construction of Kishenganga HE Project on river Kishenganga, a tributary of river Jhelum, in Gurez valley in Bandipora District of Jammu & Kashmir. India has taken action as per the provisions of the Indus Waters Treaty 1960. After Pakistan intimated the appointment of its two arbitrators initiating the proceedings for a Court of Arbitration, India has also appointed two arbitrators. Both the countries have also requested the persons concerned as specified in the Treaty to select three umpires for the Court of Arbitration. One of the persons requested namely the Secretary General of the United Nations has appointed one of the umpires namely the Chairman of the Court of Arbitration. The Mahakali Treaty of 1996 is valid for 75 years. It shall be reviewed by both the parties at 10 year interval or earlier as required by either party and make amendments, thereto, if necessary. The Indo-Bangladesh Treaty of 1996 is valid for 30 years. There is a provision to review the Treaty after five years. The provisions of the Indus Waters Treaty 1960 can be modified or terminated by another duly ratified treaty concluded for that purpose between the two Governments.